Práce a štúdie - Vydanie 15

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://drepo.uniza.sk/handle/hdluniza/1116

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Windshear a jeho vplyv na leteckú dopravu
(University of Žilina, 2024) Voštinár, Martin; Jarošová, Miriam
Táto bakalárska práca sa zaoberá problematikou strihu vetra v civilnom letectve s cieľom poskytnúť komplexný pohľad na jeho vplyv na bezpečnosť a efektivitu leteckej dopravy. V práci sa analyzujú faktory ovplyvňujúce strih vetra, jeho vznik a dynamiku v rôznych letových podmienkach. Ďalej sa skúmajú metódy a nástroje používané na analýzu a predpoveď strihu vetra, ako aj ich presnosť a účinnosť. Práca sa tiež zameriava na praktické dôsledky strihu vetra pre letové operácie, vrátane jeho vplyvu na bezpečnosť letu. Na základe zhromaždených poznatkov sa diskutuje možné opatrenia a stratégie na zlepšenie riadenia strihu vetra v civilnom letectve. Výsledky tejto práce majú potenciál prispieť k lepšiemu porozumeniu a riadeniu tohto dôležitého meteorologického javu pre zabezpečenie bezpečnej a efektívnej leteckej dopravy.
Využitie moderných technológií v leteckej preprave
(University of Žilina, 2024) Šimková, Sofia; Novák Sedláčková, Alena
The Bachelor Thesis focuses on the analysis, comparison and proposal for improving the effectivity of air transport using automated check-in processes. The thesis analyses the characteristics of air transport of passengers, goods and mail, the digitalized processes in air transport, the baggage reclamation procedures and compliance with passenger rights. The Bachelor thesis also focuses on the analysis of laser scanners and RFID system and their comparison. Concrete proposals for the implementation of image scanners and RFID system for the efficiency of check-in processes at the M.R.Štefánik Airport are presented.
Vývoj prístrojového vybavenia lietadiel všeobecného letectva
(University of Žilina, 2024) Uhríková, Peregrína; Kandera, Branislav
The bachelor's thesis is devoted to the development of general aviation aircraft instrumentation. It contains a detailed description of the principle of operation of individual elements of the analog instrument panel. The separate text is supplemented with pictorial material, where the structural part of the instrument elements is drawn in detail, thanks to which the reader can better understand the principle of work of the mentioned aircraft instruments. The next part of the work specifies the transition to digital instrument panels and it lists the advantages and disadvantages of the modern cockpit, as well as the reasons why general aircraft designers switch to the new instrument panel concept, the so-called glass cockpit. The elements of the digital instrument panel are characterized in the next part of the thesis, which describes individual types of display units – CRT, LCD and LED. It also deals with the individual elements that are found in digital instrument panels and also describes in more detail the MEMS technology that is the basis for the function of the modern cockpit concept. The bachelor´s thesis also deals with the historical development of the layout of the instrument panel and familiarizes the reader with the difference in visualization of information on individual instrument panels. This part of the work is supplemented with visual material, through which it is possible to become better acquainted with the display of data on the traditional and modern type of cockpit. The aim of the work is to create study material for students of the field focused on air transport and an interactive presentation for familiarization with the basic control of the Dynon SkyView digital instrument panel. The thesis also contains the methodology and methodology of the work, which defines what research methods were used in the thesis.
Analýza nekonvenčných aerodynamických konfigurácií lietadiel
(University of Žilina, 2024) Šlachtič, Emil; Veľký, Patrik
This article deals with the research and analysis of unconventional aerodynamic configurations of aircraft, developed in the aerospace industry. Primary CFD simulations of the respective models were used for the purpose of research and analysing the configurations, as well as analysis of the airflow around the 3D models in the wind tunnel of Air Transport Department. The aim was to find out why these configurations are not being used, or why they should be used in the aviation industry nowadays. The analysis was carried out mainly from an aerodynamic point of view. The different models were chosen based mainly on IATA’s forecast of trends in air transport. From the analyses, it was found that certain models are more efficient than their conventional counterparts, mainly due to the reduction in induced drag. However, these configurations are also much more sensitive to flutter due to the high aspect ratio, which poses a challenge especially from a structural point of view. Ti can therefore be assumed that the reason for not using these configurations represent a significant reduction in operating costs, they are unprofitable for operators. In contrast, BWB configurations appear very promising in terms of both efficiency and fuel savings, and it is therefore assumed that these models may enter service in 2030.
Optimalizácia činnosti motora ROTAX 915is s alternatívnou riadiacou jednotkou
(University of Žilina, 2024) Voderadský, Ján; Čerňan, Jozef
The aim of this bachelor's thesis was to optimize the performance of the ROTAX 915 IS engine using an alternative electronic control unit. This work provides a detailed overview of the mechanisms and control systems used in other engines as well. The thesis focuses on a comprehensive understanding of both the basic and auxiliary systems of the engine and provides a proposal for optimizing the performance of the ROTAX 915 IS engine. The optimization of the engine was designed to improve efficiency, increase engine performance, and overall reliability in various modes. Following the design, a testing phase ensued where the unit was subjected to extensive practical tests on a real ROTAX 915 IS engine. These tests demonstrated significant improvements in the controllability and performance of the engine, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed settings. The results of this bachelor's thesis highlight the potential of alternative control units to enhance the performance and efficiency of engines. The findings can be used for further research that could expand the use of alternative control units in other aviation engines.
Technicko-prevádzkové charakteristiky pre rôzne aplikácie UAV
(University of Žilina, 2024) Valetskyi, Maksym; Veľký, Patrik
The goal of this bachelor's thesis is to create a system for analyzing technical and operational characteristics for various UAV applications. The work consists of 4 parts: the first part describes the current methods of qualification and separation of drones according to the above mentioned parameters, the second part analyzes in detail five different ways of using drones, the third part of the part selects the most important technical and operational ones based on the data from the previous part parameters and a table is created. In the last practical part, with the help of logical analysis, cause-and-effect relationships, methods of assumptions and results of the research, the relationships or so-called correlations entered in the table are investigated between the values listed in the table. This model helps to optimize the operation of the drone, save money on the purchase, maintenance and increase the safety of its operation.
Výber vhodného výcviku pre budúcich dopravných pilotov
(University of Žilina, 2024) Vasiľ, Martin; Jůn, František
The bachelor's thesis addresses a critical area of flight training programs that are essential in shaping the capabilities of new pilots in an era of increasing demands on pilots due to technological advances and global connectivity. The study addresses the components of flight training, from theoretical knowledge to practical flight experience, with an emphasis on the design of SPA/IR curricula adapted to the specific requirements and needs of aerotaxi operators. Through a systematic analysis and comparison of existing SPA/IR training curricula and programmes, the thesis highlights the strengths, limitations and potential developments in pilot training to meet industry requirements. The findings aim to improve the safety, efficiency and adaptability of pilots, and a transition to more specialised licensing is proposed to mitigate the risks associated with inexperienced pilots.
Letecké multispektrálne snímkovanie v poľnohospodárskom odvetví
(University of Žilina, 2024) Šmidt, Marco; Veľký, Patrik
This thesis focuses on the possibilities of applying airborne detection in many bands. Possibilities of multispectral detection in direction of use such as animal monitoring or scarecrow placement. In another direction of using thermal imaging for finding temperature anomalies or obtaining information from UAV sensors to improve economics in agriculture, light reflectance, electromagnetic spectrum, comparing satellites and UAVs in agriculture, and vegetation indices. The analysis of the studies was based on simulations and calculations followed by laboratory tests and external measurements. Using certain sensors operating in the corresponding regions of the frequency spectrum, the detection ranges of the drones were used to find the outputs derived from the calculated and simulated values, where a comparison of the studies followed.
Technické prevedenie spätoväzobného systému riadenia v leteckom simulátore
(University of Žilina, 2024) Zimmermann, Samuel; Škultéty, Filip
The aim of the article is to analyse the current issue of force feedback control systems in flight simulation training devices. The first part describes the current legislative classifications of training devices and the possibilities of accepting training credits for their use in flight training. The next section deals with the description of current solutions and their advantages and disadvantages. The final part presents a proposal for the implementation of the solution in a platform formed from the cockpit of a Zlín Z-142 aircraft. It includes visualisations of the individual parts of the elevator and ailerons force feedback system created in Autodesk Inventor.
Possibilities of increasing the aerodrome fire category of Žilina Airport to level 5
(University of Žilina, 2024) Kopúnek, Radovan; Kazda, Antonín
The aim of the article is to examine the possibilities of increasing the aerodrome fire category of the Žilina Airport to level 5 and to propose measures and recommendations necessary to achieve this goal. This can be achieved by analysing the currently valid legislation and regulations for the aerodrome fire category issued by the International Civil Aviation Organization and the European Union Aviation Safety Agency and comparing it with the current situation at the Žilina Airport in terms of operation and provision of the rescue and firefighting service. Subsequently, based on the comparison, the article determines a new critical aircraft type for the airport and proposes a set of measures and recommendations necessary to increase the aerodrome fire category of the Žilina Airport to level 5 with regard to the frequency of operation and financial possibilities of the airport.
Využitie poznatkov z leteckých navigačných súťaží v prostredí leteckého výcviku a vzdelávania
(University of Žilina, 2024) Liptajová, Kristína Jana; Škultéty, Filip
The research is devoted to the application of the knowledge and evaluation methods of the Air navigation race to flight training and education, with particular emphasis on the importance of pre-flight preparation and knowledge of visual cross-country navigation. The thesis aims to evaluate the navigation skills of the pilots (respondents), which was done using an objective method, i.e. measurements on a flight simulator. The respondents were divided according to flight experience and year of university studies into three groups. The results of the simulator measurements revealed an improvement in the navigation skills to many respondents. The thesis further includes a theoretical evaluation of the knowledge of students with an aeronautical background. The comparison of the result is based on the evaluation of paired questionnaires of the same scope and difficulty, with the difference that before the second questionnaire, the respondents received professional instruction on aeronautical navigation competitions and the principles of comparative navigation. Improvements in the students' theoretical knowledge results were observed for most respondents, two achieved the same result and there was no deterioration in either case.
Forecasting flight delays using machine learning
(University of Žilina, 2024) Soloviov, Mykhailo; Badánik, Benedikt
This article considers machine learning and its utilization in the domain of air transportation. The first part of this research aims to define machine learning, describe its historical development and helps delineate machine learning in a broader framework of other data analysis approaches such as artificial intelligence, deep learning and data science. In the second part, the research is meant to explain what machine learning is, tell more about the types of machine learning and how it is used in different scenarios in the aviation industry. This part of the thesis discusses certain areas and real examples of how machine learning is used by multiple companies (aircraft manufacturers) as well as examines the available conclusions of researches already undertaken in the area and determines their connection to the current one. Finally, the practical part of the thesis uses the collected real-time data about departures from two American airports, analyses it with the help of statistical Python-based tools, describes the developed machine-learning algorithm to predict delays, runs experiments on data and discusses results.
New generation aircraft concepts and assessment of their design solutions
(University of Žilina, 2024) Matzenauer, Robert; Škultéty, Filip
The bachelor thesis is focused on new generation aircraft concepts, analysing new design solutions and technologies. At the same time, the thesis assesses the current state of development of aviation technology and prospectively presents new facts that can be expected in the near future in the context of civil aviation. In the perspective of new design solutions for transport aeroplanes, it first analyses the advantages resulting from a new type of blended wing body and transonic truss-braced wing design. In the context of conventional configuration aeroplanes, it discusses aeroplanes from the private jet sector and one specific piston engine aeroplane that competes with small jets in terms of its performance characteristics. The thesis also deals with urban air mobility, in the form of eVTOL flying vehicles, which aim to provide air transport in large cities and then compares them with each other in terms of their operational parameters. Finally, the thesis discusses the potential return of supersonic air transport, in the form of a new supersonic transport aircraft.
Plánovanie a postupy navigačných letov VFR
(University of Žilina, 2024) Legiň, Jakub; Chodelka, Frederik
Flying according to the visual flight rules is one of the fundamental requirements for every pilot license applicant. VFR cross-country flights combine the main principles of aviation practice, which a pilot needs to master during initial flight training. These principles encompass elements of piloting, navigation, and communication. The aim of this article is to present the basic legislative requirements related to VFR cross-country flights, including Rules of the Air defined by European regulations and the Aeronautical Information Services of the Slovak Republic. The article also describes the procedures for planning VFR cross-country flights, as well as innovative tools designed for flight planning and monitoring.
Analýza palubného vybavenia moderných lietadiel
(University of Žilina, 2024) Mikolaj, Martin; Novák, Andrej
This bachelor's thesis provides a detailed overview of the development, history and current status of aircraft on-board equipment. The first part deals with the evolution of cockpits from their origins to modern technological trends and future challenges. The next part analyzes the standards, recommendations and certification processes, with an emphasis on the ergonomics of the cockpit design and the requirements of the international organization for civil aviation. The following section addresses pilot adaptation to new cockpit systems, taking into account factors such as human factors, training and automation risks. In the end, current trends, perspectives of future development and their possible impact on pilots and flight safety are evaluated.
Návrh hybridnej pohonnej jednotky pre experimentálny letún Straton D7
(University of Žilina, 2024) Longauer, Oliver; Čerňan, Jozef
The aim of this article is designing hybrid power unit for the needs of experimental aircraft Straton D7. Article describes different options of hybridization of power units on basis of their architecture and the function of electric component in relation to the whole power unit. Compares different designs of automotive and aircraft solutions of hybridization of power units. After that, article offers solution for hybrid engine of Straton D7 on basis of gained theoretical knowledge, comparison of shown conceptions and basic calculations, with the needs and predispostion of the original aircraft in its best interest.
Identifikácia rušenia GNSS signálu na letiskách
(University of Žilina, 2024) Paraska, Michal; Novák, Andrej
In this thesis, the interference of GNSS signals at airports was studied, identifying the main types of interference and their sources. Through a thorough analysis and reevaluation of experimental setups, effective detection methods and mitigation strategies were established. The findings emphasize the significant impact of interference on safety and operational efficiency in aviation. It is recommended to enhance signal integrity with advanced monitoring systems and to work with aviation regulatory authorities to update existing frameworks, ensuring reliable GNSS functionality in an increasingly congested environment.
Analýza monitorovania motorových prístrojov a činnosti pilota počas letov ifr
(University of Žilina, 2024) Farský, Jakub; Chodelka, Frederik
For safe flight, it is necessary for the pilot to be able to correctly divide his attention during flight between primary and secondary controls. An important part of this is a proper familiarisation with the aircraft and pre-flight preparation. Within this article, the equipment of the aircraft used for training at LVVC during IFR flights is presented in terms of the display of the engine instruments. The analysis of the activities reveals possible in-flight hazards that may affect the pilot's situational awareness during the execution of the flight. Observations on the simulator are used to determine the current state of situational awareness among the pilots in training and to address the problem encountered. The contribution of this thesis is the proposal of the application of scanflow to the monitoring of engine instruments and such measures that could help to increase situational awareness and thereby ensure a higher level of safety during the performance of flight activities.
Uplatnenie lietadiel rodiny Airbus A320 NEO a Boeing 737 MAX na európskom trhu
(University of Žilina, 2024) Helt, Marek; Chodelka, Frederik
An article is devoted to the application of the Airbus A320 NEO and Boeing 737 MAX family aircraft on the European market. It describes the history and origin of individual aircraft families, their technical parameters, the division of generations and a description of models. Consequently, common and different features of both families, their use and equipment are found in this work. The article also includes a section on methodology and methodologies, which describes what research methods were used in the work. The last chapters of the thesis are devoted to the disease Covid-19 and the impact on air transport. These chapters describe two crashes of 737 MAX aircraft and their subsequent return to service after grounding.
Napájanie avioniky liedadiel s klasickou avionikou a glass kokpit
(University of Žilina, 2024) Chmelan, Matúš; Novák, Andrej
The bachelor thesis focuses on the analysis of avionic systems and their power sources on board aircraft. It describes the evolution of the basics of avionic systems that have gradually evolved into their modern form and describes the standards that B2 licensees must meet to be authorized to perform maintenance on these systems. It focuses primarily on defining power system requirements from a safety and regulatory perspective. An analysis of glass cockpit designs from five avionics system manufacturers will be performed, comparing the cost, power consumption and compatibility of these products. The set of standards and regulations that each avionics system must meet to be eligible for civil operation will also be summarised. Finally, this thesis raises awareness of the entire process of development, maintenance, certification and operation of avionics systems and their power supplies.